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Diligence guide

What VCs actually check first in diligence

A partner doesn't start with your traction slide. Before they'll spend real time on the story, they run a short pre-flight: is the entity clean, is the equity real, does the company own its product, and do your numbers agree with each other? A handful of items decide it. In our rubric these are the weight-3 items — the ones scored as deal-breakers, because when any one is wrong the round stalls before the interesting conversation starts.

How many there are depends on your stage: 5 at pre-seed, then more get added as investors expect more evidence — 8 at seed, 9 at Series A and Series B (monthly financials, systems-pulled metrics and cohort retention join the list). The five below are the core that apply from day one and stay deal-breakers the whole way up; the extra ones at later stages are called out where they enter. The live readiness check and the stage playbook render your exact set from the same rubric, so you can always see the full weight-3 list for your stage.

Here's the honest reason these come first: they're cheap to check and expensive to get wrong. A partner can verify all five in under an hour, and each one, if it's broken, is the kind of problem that surfaces during confirmatory diligence and re-opens price — or kills the deal after weeks of work. So they de-risk it up front. Your job is to make sure all five are boringly clean before the first meeting.

The five core deal-breakers, in the order they're checked

1 · Incorporation is clean DEAL-BREAKER

Have ready: certificate of incorporation, bylaws/articles, EIN letter — one folder.

Confirms the entity investors are actually buying into exists cleanly. A Delaware C-corp (or a clean local equivalent) is checked before anything else — a foreign or oddly-structured entity means a conversion the investor now has to price into the deal.

2 · Cap table is current and complete DEAL-BREAKER

Have ready: a fully-diluted cap table (Carta or spreadsheet) including every SAFE, note and option grant.

This is the single most-checked item in diligence. Surprises here — an unrecorded SAFE, a verbal equity promise to an advisor, an option pool that isn't reflected — kill deals late, so investors check early. New investors model dilution from your existing stack before they model your business.

3 · IP assignment is signed by everyone DEAL-BREAKER

Have ready: signed PIIA/CIIA (IP assignment) for every founder, employee and contractor — including the ones who've left.

If a departed co-founder or a contractor owns part of the code, the company doesn't own its product. This is a standard kill-switch question: one missing signature from the person who wrote your core engine can hold up a close for weeks while lawyers chase a release.

4 · The deck and the model agree DEAL-BREAKER

Have ready: a use-of-funds slide and runway math that match the numbers in your operating model exactly.

Inconsistency between the deck and the model is the most common red flag investors report — because it signals the numbers are decoration, not the way you actually run the business. A "$1.5M raise, 18-month runway" on the deck that the model can't reproduce reads as either sloppy or misleading, and both are fatal early.

5 · Prior-round terms are collected and summarized DEAL-BREAKER at seed+

Have ready: every prior SAFE/note/side-letter, plus a one-page summary of caps, discounts, MFN and pro-rata rights.

New investors model dilution from your existing instrument stack before they model your business. An MFN clause or an unusually low cap buried in a two-year-old SAFE changes everyone's math — surfacing it yourself, cleanly, is the difference between a fast round and a stalled one.

Why these five and not, say, your churn? Because these are binary and verifiable, and every one of them is a reason to walk away rather than negotiate. Your churn is a conversation about price; a missing IP assignment is a conversation about whether there's a deal at all. Partners resolve the walk-away questions first — that's what "checking first" means.

What this looks like as a score

In the RaiseReady rubric, each item carries a weight of 1–3. The five above are all weight-3, and at later stages a few more weight-3 items join them (see the count below). A quick way to see where you stand: of the diligence items expected at your stage, how many of the weight-3 ones can you actually produce today? If the answer isn't "all of them," that's your first work order — before market sizing, before the deck polish, before anything.

Deal-breakerThe artifact a partner opensStages it applies
Incorporation cleanCertificate, bylaws, EIN letterAll
Cap table completeFully-diluted cap table + all convertiblesAll
IP assignment signedPIIA/CIIA for all founders, staff, contractorsAll
Deck = modelUse-of-funds slide + runway mathAll
Prior-round termsSAFE/note docs + cap/discount summarySeed +
Monthly financials, bank-reconciled12+ months of P&L and cashSeed +
Systems-pulled metricsMetrics export / dashboard, monthly seriesSeed +
Cohort / logo retentionRetention curves you can explainSeries A +

Total weight-3 deal-breakers by stage: pre-seed 5, seed 8, Series A 9, Series B 9. The stage playbook and the on-page checker render this list live from the same rubric the report scores, so it can't drift out of date.

Honest caveat. Clearing all five doesn't mean you'll raise — it means you won't lose the round on hygiene. A clean company with a weak business still won't get funded. These items measure preparation, not fundability; they just make sure the investor gets to evaluate your actual business instead of stopping at a paperwork problem.

Score your own deal-breakers in two minutes

The free on-page check runs this exact rubric — all 25 items, weighted by your stage, with the deal-breakers flagged in red — entirely in your browser. It shows you exactly which weight-3 items apply at your stage and which you're missing, and grades the rest.

Run the free readiness check.

Tick your stage and answer honestly; see your grade and your deal-breakers on the page. The $990 report turns every gap into a work order with time estimates and writes the sections investors read first.

Check my readiness free →

FAQ

Do all five apply at pre-seed?

Four do from day one — incorporation, cap table, IP assignment, and deck-vs-model consistency. The fifth (prior-round terms) only bites once you've raised on SAFEs or notes, so it becomes a deal-breaker from seed onward. At pre-seed, having the first four clean is most of the battle.

We're a Korean (or non-US) company — does the incorporation item disqualify us?

No. Investors check for a clean, fundable structure; a Delaware flip is common and expected for cross-border teams. What stalls a round is discovering the structure question late. Surface your plan (or your completed flip) up front and it's a non-issue.

Is a Carta account required for the cap table?

No — a clean, current spreadsheet showing the fully-diluted view and every convertible instrument is fine at early stages. What matters is that it's complete and reconciles with your legal documents, not which tool holds it. From Series A on, most companies move to Carta or Pulley because the option-grant tracking gets hard to do by hand.

What if a former contractor never signed an IP assignment?

Get a signed release now, before you raise, even if it's awkward. It's far cheaper to resolve while you have leverage than during a close when the investor's counsel has flagged it and the round is waiting on it.

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